Feeding and igniting device for explosive-engines.



No. 748,011. PATBNTED DEG.29,1903.

W. REMINGTON. FEEDING AND IGNITING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 5. 1903.

NO'MODEL.

I nfl H/ o 6 WT \gg: Z5 1 5 UNITED STATES Patented December 29, 1903.

PATENT OEEIcE. I

WOLCOTT REMINGTON, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO INTER- NATIONALPOWER VEHICLE COMPANY, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF WESTVIRGINIA.

FEEDING AND IGNITING DEVICE FOR EXPLO SIVE-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,011, dated December29, 1903.

Application filed-August 6, 1903.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WOLCOTT REMINGTON, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Stamford, county of Fairfield, and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFooding and Igniting Devices for Explosive-Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to hot-surface igniters for explosive-engines andto a construction of such engines whereby the fresh charge introducedafter an explosion is with certainty brought into a position from whichit will be on the succeeding compressionstroke of the piston-head causedto come into contact with the hot surface and to be exploded.

Heretofore difficulties have been experienced when only a small chargeof explosive mixture is being introduced into the enginecylinder (as isthe case when the engine is running light) in causing the explosions tooccur with regularity and during or after each compression-stroke of thepiston-head, explosions being often missed and not occurring until afterthe piston-head has made several strokes and the charge in the cylinderfrom the last explosion has been driven out or so diluted by the severalfresh charges as to become explosive. The deleterious effects of thesemissed explosions are well known. By my invention these defects areavoided, while at the same time the advantages of introducing theexplosive mixture through a port controlled by the piston-headareretained.

For these purposes my invention consists in the construction,arrangement, and combination of the several parts of which it iscomposed, as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which corresponding parts aredesignated by corresponding marks of reference, Figure 1 is a centrallongitudinal section of a part of an explosive-engine having myinvention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.

As my present invention relates only to the means of introducing theexplosive charge into the cylinder and governing the subseheating it bya torch in starting the engine.

Serial No. 168,375-- (lilo model.)

quent movement thereof and in the igniting means, I do not deem itnecessary to'show all parts of an explosive-engine in the drawings, asthe parts not shown may be, for instance,of the character illustrated inmy other application, Serial No. 150,915, filed April 3, 1903.

The piston-head a reciprocates in the usual way in the cylinder b,provided with the head 0, the cylinder having in one side thereof theinduction-port d for the fresh charge and on the opposite side the eduction-port e for the exploded charge, both of which are so located asto be opened by the piston-head a during the last part of its outward orwork stroke and to be closed by the head upon the first part of itscompression-stroke.

The cylinder-head c has a substantially flat inner face o,having adepression thereon on one side of its center, forming a chamber-f, whichhas a rounded bottom f". A-firingtube g is formed integral with thehead, being located at an angle to the axis of the cylinder, and opensinto the chamberf from one side and not from the bottom thereof. In thedrawings the tube is shown as slightly diverging from the flat face 0'of the head, and this is of convenience, as compactness is retained. Thetube is still accessible for The rear end of the tube is closed by thepacking-nuts h and t, which are bored longitudinally to receive the stemk, which is threaded and engages corresponding threads in thebores ofthe nut. Upon the forward end of the stem and within the tube ismountder-head and the induction-port is located at a point in the sideof the cylinder so remote from the head thereof as to be only uncoveredwhile the piston-head is at the outer range of its movement, a chargeadmitted through such port has a tendency to mix to a greater or lessextent with the exploded products of the preceding charge, (theproportion of the fresh charge in the mixture decreasing as the distancefrom the inlet-port is increased,) so that the introduction of a largequantity of the exploded mixture mightbe necessary before the mixtureadjacent to the firing tube would become sufficiently rich to becomeexplosive. On a light load this is a serious drawback, as it is thenadvisable for proper regulation and economy to introduce a small chargeonly, several of which, under the conditions stated, must be introducedbefore the inert gases adjacent to the firing-tube resulting from theprevious charge are sufficiently displaced to permit an explosion. Thusinstead of producing a series of explosions of a series of small chargesexplosions of a large charge wouldbe produced at intervals of severalstrokes of the piston. In order to overcome these defects, I place onthe rear surface a of the piston-head, which is substantially flat, aflange r, located at right angles to the axis of the induction-port dand registering with the chamber f in the head and, if desired, enteringthe said chamber when the pistonhead is at the rear limit of itsmovement, the face 8 of the flange toward the inductionport being soconcaved as to cause the fresh charge introduced through the port andimpinging thereon to be deflected rearwardly in the cylinder in a bodyin a line substantially parallel with and to one side of the axis of thecylinder toward and into the chamberf, which, as hereinbefore stated,has a rounded bottom. The fresh charge striking this bottom, say at thepoint Z, is again deflected and sweeps along the curve thereof, as shownby the dotted lines in the drawings, finally spreading out into theinterior of the cylinder, which it enters from the rear, thus, if ofsufficient volume, driving the exploded charge forwardly in the cylinderand out of the eduction-port therein, which port has been uncovered bythe outward or forward stroke of the piston. If the fresh charge is notsufficiently great in volume to do this, it at least displaces theexploded charge in the recess f, which it replaces. It will be notedthat the firing-tube enters the recess from one side, forming a pocket,so that the fresh charge is not, on entering the cylinder and therecess, thrown therein, the exploded products of the previous chargebeing thus retained in the tube and serving to prevent a prematureexplosion. Upon the rearward or compression stroke of the piston themixture in the cylinder will be compressed and the fresh chargecontained in the recess will be driven up into the tube and compressedtherein to the pressure at which it will be exploded by the hot surface'n, (which will be maintained at a high temperature by the heat absorbedby it from the successive explosions,) and this will be repeated on eachcycle of movement of the engine.

By varying the position of the hot surface axially in the firing-tube bythe mechanism hereinbefore described the time of the explosion inrespect to the stroke of the piston may be regulated, for the reasonthat when the hot surface is drawn closer to the closed end of the tubethe contents of the cylinder must be compressed to a higher degreebefore the fresh charge will by driving back the inert gases containedin the tube come in contact with the hot surface, and thus the time ofexplosion will be retarded. The opposite result will of course beobtained if the hot surface is moved toward the entrance to the hottube.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patout, is-

1. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an engine-cylinder,having an inductionport therein, a piston-head uncovering the said porton its outward movement, and having a deflecting-flange thereon oppositethe said port, a head upon the cylinder having a recess therein toreceive the charge deflected by the flange, and a firing-tube openinginto the recess on one side of the line of movement of the chargedeflected by the flange, substantially as described.

2. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an engine-cylinder,having an inductionport therein, a piston-head uncovering the said port,and carrying a deflecting-flange to one side of its center and oppositethe said port, a head upon the cylinder having a recess therein with arounded bottom, located above the flange, and a firing-tube opening'into a side wall of the recess and extending therefrom at an angle tothe line joining the recess and flange, substantially as described.

3. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an engine-cylinder,having an inductionvport therein, a piston-head uncovering the saidport, and carrying a-deflecting-flange to 'one side of its center andopposite the said port, a head upon the cylinder having a recess thereinwith a rounded bottom, located above the flange, a firing-tube openinginto a side wall of the recess and extending therefrom at an angle tothe line joining the recess and flange, a hot surface contained in thefiring-tube, and means for moving the said surface axially in the saidtube, substantially as described.

Signed at Stamford, Connecticut, this 17th day of June, 1903.

WOLCOTT REMINGTON. Witnesses:

WALTER S. HATCH, FRANK B. GURLEY.

